True Shooting Percentage Calculator
True Shooting Percentage (TS%) is the standard measure of shooting efficiency in basketball. It improves on simple field goal percentage by factoring in free throw attempts using the 0.44 weighting coefficient, which accounts for how free throw trips translate to possessions used. The formula TS% = PTS / (2 x (FGA + 0.44 x FTA)) allows fair comparison between slashers who draw fouls, floor spacers who shoot threes, and traditional big men. Enter total points, field goal attempts, and free throw attempts to calculate TS%.
True Shooting Percentage formula
TS% = PTS / (2 × (FGA + 0.44 × FTA))
Where PTS = total points scored, FGA = field goal attempts, FTA = free throw attempts. The result is expressed as a percentage. The 0.44 coefficient is the standard NBA value; college basketball uses 0.475 to reflect slightly different foul patterns.
TS% shooting efficiency scale
- Above 63%: Elite scorer, among the most efficient in the league.
- 58% to 63%: Excellent, well above average efficiency.
- 53% to 58%: Average to slightly above average.
- 48% to 53%: Below average; efficiency is a concern.
- Below 48%: Poor; volume is likely outpacing efficiency.
True shooting percentage: frequently asked questions
What is True Shooting Percentage (TS%)?
True Shooting Percentage measures a player's shooting efficiency by accounting for field goals, 3-point field goals, and free throws in a single metric. Unlike field goal percentage, TS% assigns appropriate weight to the harder-to-earn free throw attempts.
What is the TS% formula?
TS% = Points / (2 x (FGA + 0.44 x FTA)). The 0.44 coefficient for free throw attempts estimates that approximately 44% of free throw trips result from a single shooting foul (two-shot foul), with some trips from and-ones, technical fouls, and three-shot fouls factored in.
What is a good TS% in the NBA?
League-average TS% in the NBA is typically around 55% to 58%. A TS% above 60% is excellent. Elite shooters often post TS% above 63%. Centers and big men tend to have higher TS% due to high-percentage close-range shots.
Why is 0.44 used for free throw attempts?
The 0.44 factor (sometimes 0.475 in college basketball) is an empirical constant that converts free throw attempts to equivalent field goal attempts. It accounts for the fact that many free throw trips yield two free throws and the complexity of and-one possessions.
How does TS% compare to field goal percentage?
Field goal percentage ignores free throws and does not distinguish between 2-point and 3-point attempts. TS% corrects both of these limitations. A player who draws many fouls or makes many 3-pointers will generally have a higher TS% relative to their field goal percentage.
Official sources
- NBA Official Statistics Glossary: nba.com/stats/help/glossary.
- Basketball Reference Glossary: sports-reference.com/cbb/about/glossary.html.
Reviewed by the CalculatorHub team, edited by James Graham, 15 June 2026. See our methodology.