Acceleration Converter

Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes, a fundamental quantity in physics, engineering, and geophysics. The SI unit is metres per second squared (m/s²), but different fields and contexts use alternative units for convenience or tradition. Standard gravity, denoted as 'g' and equal to 9.80665 m/s², is used as a reference point because it represents the acceleration due to Earth's gravity at sea level and is commonly used to express accelerations in multiples of this natural reference, such as the 'g-forces' experienced during vehicle acceleration or by astronauts during launch. The Gal, named after Galileo, equals 1 centimetre per second squared and is standard in geophysics and seismology for measuring earthquake acceleration. Engineering contexts may use feet per second squared, while newer automotive specifications express acceleration in kilometres or miles per hour per second. Converting between these units is essential when reading specifications from different countries or fields, understanding vehicle performance, interpreting seismic data, or designing systems that must withstand specific acceleration forces. This calculator displays seven acceleration units: metres per second squared, centimetres per second squared, feet per second squared, standard gravity, Gal, kilometres per hour per second, and miles per hour per second. Enter a value in any field and all others update instantly.

NIST conversion factors

All conversions below use standard NIST-defined factors, with all units expressed relative to metres per second squared.

Unit Symbol Metres per Second Squared
Metres per second squared m/s² 1
Centimetres per second squared cm/s² 0.01
Feet per second squared ft/s² 0.3048
Standard gravity g 9.80665
Gal Gal 0.01
Kilometres per hour per second km/h/s 0.27778
Miles per hour per second mph/s 0.44704

Acceleration converter: frequently asked questions

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, measured as distance per time squared. The SI unit is metres per second squared (m/s²). Acceleration can describe speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction. The acceleration due to Earth's gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s².

What is standard gravity?

Standard gravity, denoted as 'g', is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity at sea level, defined as exactly 9.80665 metres per second squared. It is used as a reference unit for acceleration, especially in contexts like vehicle performance and centrifuges.

What is a Gal?

A Gal (named after Galileo) is a unit of acceleration equal to 1 centimetre per second squared, or 0.01 m/s². It is commonly used in seismology to measure earthquake acceleration and in geophysics. The larger unit, the milliGal, is also common.

How precise are these conversions?

These are NIST-defined standard conversions. Standard gravity equals exactly 9.80665 m/s². All other conversions are mathematically precise to two decimal places.

Why would I need to convert acceleration units?

Different fields use different acceleration units for historical and practical reasons. Physics and engineering use m/s². Geophysics uses Gals. Vehicle acceleration is sometimes expressed in 'g's. Aviation and medical contexts use multiples of standard gravity. Converting ensures communication across disciplines.

Official sources

Reviewed by the CalculatorHub team, edited by James Graham, 14 June 2026. See our methodology.